RELEVANSI PEMIKIRAN PENDIDIKAN AKHLAK IBNU MISKAWAIH DALAM PENGEMBANGAN KONSEP MORAL, ETIKA, DAN KARAKTER DI ERA PENDIDIKAN MODERN

Abstract

Ibn Miskawaih, whose full name is Abu Ali Ahmad bin Muhammad bin Ya’kub bin Miskawaih, is a well-known historian and philosopher who also studied chemistry extensively. He studied philosophy under Ibn Khamar, a renowned commentator on Aristotle's writings, and studied history under Abu Bakr Ahmad bin Kamil al-Qadi in 350 H. The most significant aspect of Ibn Miskawaih's ethics. Rationality, courage, and desire are the three types of qualities that make up the nature of the spirit. Additionally, the spirit possesses three interconnected virtues: simplicity, courage, and knowledge. Ibn Miskawaih contends that in terms of human nature, the existence of humans depends on God's will, while human merit is up to each individual and is determined by their own free choice. There are three categories of human traits: courage (in between the two others), lust (the lowest), and reason (the greatest). In terms of ethics, Ibn Miskawaih contends that everything that becomes the aim is good, and that anything that is helpful in reaching that goal is also good. The need of moral education for human development was highlighted by Ibn Miskawaih. This psychological component is where attitudes and behaviors that are influenced by one's inner movers emerge.soul, which is why Ibn Miskawaih favors Islamic education that emphasizes morality.