TEKNIK PENGUMPULAN DATA PENELITIAN DAN PENYUSUNAN INSTRUMEN PENELITIAN KUALITATIF
Keywords:
penelitian kualitatif, pengumpulan data, instrumen penelitian, metodologi penelitianAbstract
Penelitian kualitatif menekankan pemahaman mendalam terhadap fenomena sosial melalui eksplorasi makna, pengalaman, dan perspektif subjek penelitian. Oleh karena itu, teknik pengumpulan data dan penyusunan instrumen penelitian memegang peranan penting dalam menentukan kualitas hasil penelitian. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji berbagai teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian kualitatif serta prinsip-prinsip penyusunan instrumen penelitian yang sesuai dengan karakteristik pendekatan kualitatif. Metode yang digunakan adalah kajian pustaka terhadap literatur metodologi penelitian kualitatif klasik dan kontemporer. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa teknik pengumpulan data seperti wawancara mendalam, observasi, dan dokumentasi harus dirancang secara fleksibel, reflektif, dan kontekstual. Instrumen penelitian kualitatif tidak bersifat baku, melainkan berkembang seiring proses penelitian untuk menangkap realitas sosial secara utuh dan bermakna.
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